Мактабгача таълим журнали https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu <p>Журналнинг асосий мақсади – мактабгача таълим йўналиши тадқиқотчиларнинг фундаментал ва амалий жиҳатдан муҳим илмий ютуқларини акс эттириш орқали мактабгача таълим йўналишидаги фанлар ривожига кўмаклашиш.</p> <p>Журнал ўзбек, рус ва инглиз тилларида мақолалар нашр этади.</p> Джизакский государственный педагогический институт uz-UZ@cyrillic Мактабгача таълим журнали Etymology of Metaphor and Metonymy The English https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8541 <p><span class="fontstyle0">This article provides information about the use of metaphor and<br>metonymy in grammar and literature, the history of their origin and their<br>importance in sentences. The opinions of great world scientists about metaphor<br>and metonymy and their contributions to science are also described.</span> </p> <p>&nbsp;</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-29 2023-04-29 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til Education System in UK and USA https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8660 <p>First, education is compulsory in all countries (Moos, 2013, 12). Thus all children from the age of four to eighteen must attend both elementary, primary and secondary schools. They both believe that the basic education is crucial to students between the mentioned ages as it directs them into choosing their desired careers in future. Another similarity is that both education systems are funded by the government apart from the private schools</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-05 2023-05-05 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til FE'L SO‘Z TURKUMI VA UNING GRAMMATIK KATEGORIYALARI https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8507 <p>Fe’ldan anglashilgan harakatning bajaruvchi va bajariladigan harakat <br>o‘rtasidagi munosabatining ifodala-nishi fe’l nisbati deyiladi. Masalan: Sobir <br>akasidan kelgan xatni Alisherga o‘qitdi gapida Sobir ega, Alisherga<br>to‘ldiruvchidir. Ushbu gapda asosiy harakat bajaruvchi Alisher, ya’ni to‘ldiruvchi <br>bo‘lib, Sobir, ya’ni ega harakat bajarilishida vosita bo‘lgan shaxs xolos. Jumladagi <br>ikki bajaruvchi orasidagi harakat bajarish bilan bog‘liq ana shunday munosabat <br>fe’lning nisbat shakli orqali ifodalanadi</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-27 2023-04-27 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til ADVANCED EXPERIENCE OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8616 <p>In this article, the advanced experience of preschool education and education in foreign countries is studied on the basis of a comparative analysis. Data on the forms and conditions of preschool education in mainly developed Western and Eastern countries are presented. The content of the reforms carried out in the field of preschool education and training in our country and the views on its effectiveness are also reflected.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-03 2023-05-03 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til Noun group and its grammatical category........ https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8539 <p><span class="fontstyle0">Noun are part of speech that comprise words that are used to name<br>people,places,animals, objects and ideas .Almost every sentence will definitely<br>have a noun and they perform different roles in a sentence.Noun can act as the<br>subject, an indirect object, a direct object a, subject complement.Nouns can also<br>function as adjectives and verbs.</span> </p> <p>&nbsp;</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-29 2023-04-29 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til PROBLEMS IN KINDERGARTEN https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8658 <p><span class="fontstyle0">Preschool education - the upbringing and education of young children (ECCE) - is<br>the aspects of children’s health, nutrition and hygiene that contribute to their<br>survival, growth, development and education. speech, physical, socio-personal,<br>and artistic-aesthetic development - from birth to formal and informal, formal and<br>informal to elementary school enrollment. The ECD approach, which is mainly<br>aimed at achieving a normal standard of living for young children, is also<br>important in terms of adult development. is to help.</span> </p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-05 2023-05-05 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til STILISTIK USLUBLARNING BADIIY MATNDA ISHLATILISHI https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8504 <p><span class="fontstyle0">Ushbu maqolada badiiy uslubning lingvistik xususiyatlari,<br>fonetik, leksikfrazeologik, grammatik xususiyatlari va maxsus ifoda tasvir<br>vositalari, so’zlarning qo’llanishi, badiiy asarlar misolida yoritib berilgan.</span> </p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-27 2023-04-27 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til TRADITIONS OF KINDERGARTENS ABROAD https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8614 <p>&nbsp; In this article, the traditions of preschool educational institutions in foreign countries are studied on the basis of comparative analysis. Mainly information about the forms and conditions of pre-school education in developed Western and Eastern countries is given. Also, special attention is paid to the research conducted in connection with the study of foreign experiences related to preschool education and upbringing.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-03 2023-05-03 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til TYPES ACCORDING TO THE STRUCTURE OF THE SENTENCE https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8537 <p><span class="fontstyle0">This article describes the types of sentences according to the structure of<br>the studied language, sentence formation and structures, and other word groups<br>used in the sentence.</span> </p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-29 2023-04-29 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til Modern innovative technologies in teaching English https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8636 <p>&nbsp; This article highlights the importance given to foreign languages&nbsp;&nbsp; in continuing education in the Republic of Uzbekistan and the innovative technologies needed to study them.&nbsp; Teaching English to preschool and primary school children using innovative technology, intellectual games and interactive methods using unusual principles and pedagogical technologies, overcoming difficulties in learning English and becoming stronger&nbsp; the effective use of innovative technologies in the acquisition of knowledge.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-04 2023-05-04 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til EPITET OKSYUMORON GIPERBOLA https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8495 <p>Ayovsiz qoralov, fosh etish kuchiga ega boʻlgan "mazlumkush" epiteti avtorning obʼyektga nis-batan keskin pozitsiyasini juda ravshan <br>ifodalaydi.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-26 2023-04-26 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til PRESCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8611 <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;The article talks about preschool education and information is given about the preschool education system in developed countries. Opinions were mentioned that it is necessary to study the system of preschool education in foreign countries and apply their best practices in accordance with our conditions.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-03 2023-05-03 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til THE NOUN GROUP AND ITS GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8535 <p><span class="fontstyle0">Language is a social phenomenon and every language has its own grammar.<br>For many centuries such famous scholars as B. Illyish, M. Y. Blokh, O. Jesperson<br>and many others had investigated the problem of parts of speech, that causes great<br>controversies both in general linguistic theory and in the analysis of separate<br>languages. And the main question that had interested them was noun as a part of<br>speech</span> </p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-29 2023-04-29 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til CHALLENGES AND CONSIDERATIONS IN PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION ABROAD https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8634 <p>Pre-school education is a crucial part of a child’s development, providing a foundation for future learning and growth. While pre-school education can vary greatly depending on the country and culture, there are common themes and practices that can be found across many countries. Pre-school education focuses on developing social, emotional, cognitive, and physical skills in young children through play-based learning activities that are designed to be engaging and fun. In this article, we will explore pre-school education abroad, its benefits, challenges, and considerations, and success stories of children who have thrived in pre-school education abroad.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-04 2023-05-04 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til CONTRADICTION RELATIONSHIP IN COMPOUND SENTENCES https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8490 <p>In this article, the relations of opposition in conjunctions are highlighted.<br>Conjunctive conjunctions connect the parts of a compound sentence and express the<br>existence of a conflicting relationship. Connected clauses are divided into connected<br>clauses with conjunction, contrast, subtraction and negation according to their<br>connecting means. Connected joint sentences form and of content to the relationship<br>according to: symmetrical and asymmetric to words is divided.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-26 2023-04-26 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til MODERN EDUCATION SYSTEM https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8608 <p>This article describes the role of modern education in the development of creative thinking, life skills, analytical skills and decision-making skills of students in educational institutions, as well as online education, which is considered the basis of modern education, and the advantages of independent education are described</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-03 2023-05-03 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til BO`LAJAK BOSHLANG`ICH SINF O`QITUVCHILARINING METODIK KOMPITENTLIGINI SHAKLLANTIRISH PEDAGOGIK MUAMMO SIFATIDA https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/9171 <p><strong>Annotatsiya: </strong>metodik kompitentlik tushunchasi fan nuqtai nazaridan dolzarb muammo hisoblanadi. Ushbu maqolada metodik kompitentlik, uning tarkibiy qismlari, metodik kompitentsiyaning vazifalari va boshlang`ich sinf o`qituvchilarida ushbu kompitentsiyani qanday shakllantirish mumkinlig haqida so`z yuritilgan.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-06-16 2023-06-16 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til 17 18 Types according to sentence structure https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8532 <p>The semantic structure of a sentence is studied by semantic syntax. In traditional syntactic theories, mainly the formal structure of a sentence and the structure of simple sentences, as well as the issue of intonation in these simple sentences are studied separately. Only in some places has the semantics of simple sentences been addressed. Neither the semantic nature and structure of the sentence, nor the semantic types of the sentence, nor the relationship between the formal and semantic structures of the sentence were considered the subject of special study until recent years. In this article, opinions and comments are made on the structure of simple sentences and their intonation. Keywords: simple sentences, intonation, sentence expression, thought, and logical meaning are the structure of a sentence.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-29 2023-04-29 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til TECHNOLOGY IN THE CLASSROOM. https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8631 <p>Technology is becoming an indispensable part of our life and our education system as well. Teachers and students can benefit from technology.This article aims to discover the benefits technology can bring to the classroom, and some of the useful and effective&nbsp; methods that teachers can use in the lessons in order to enhance student motivation and student's engagement in class.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-04 2023-05-04 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til MORFEMANING TURLARI 2 https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8464 <p><span class="fontstyle0">Tilning o’ziga хоsligi fоnеtik, lеksik, grammatik strukturalarning<br>yaхlitligidan ibоrat. Ular bir-biridan ajralgan hоlda emas, yaхlit sistеma sifatida<br>mavjuddir. Bu yaхlitlikni zоhiriy va bоtiniy tushunish mumkin. Yaхlitlikning<br>zоhiriy alоmati tоvushlarning so’z va qo’shimchalarni, so’zlarning gap va so’z<br>birikmalarini tashkil etishida namоyon bo’ladi</span> </p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-20 2023-04-20 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til PRESCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF GREAT BRITAIN AND GERMANY https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8606 <p>This article provides information on the specific features, goals and&nbsp; objectives of the system of preschool education in foreign countries (for example, the UK and&nbsp; Germany) their types and reforms in this system in our country.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-03 2023-05-03 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til BADIIY ASARLARNING INSON RUHIYATIGA TA'SIRI https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8943 <p>Ushbu maqolada badiy asarlarning inson ruhiyatiga ta’siri haqida zamonaviy<br>fikr mulohazalar yuritilgan.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-25 2023-05-25 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til ANTONOMAZIYA O‘XSHATISH VA UNING O‘RGANILAYOTGAN TILDAGI TURLARI https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8530 <p>Ijtimoiy ong taraqqiyoti til hodisalariga yangicha nuqtai nazarlar bilan qarash¸ <br>ularni yangi ilmiy kontseptsiyalar va zamonaviy metodlar bilan tadqiq etish <br>zaruratini yuzaga keltirdi. Shunga ko‘ra keyingi davrlarda tilning inson hayotidagi <br>mohiyatini chuqurroq va yanada ko‘proq bilishga¸ til hodisalarini insonning <br>ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy¸ ruhiy-maʼnaviy hayoti bilan o‘zaro bog‘liq holda o‘rganishga <br>alohida eʼtibor qaratilmoqda</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-29 2023-04-29 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til TOWARDS ACHIEVING UNIVERSAL EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8629 <p>Some of UNICEF's efforts to improve preschool education in Uzbekistan are outlined in this article. And a report on the status is given. Information is provided on how to improve preschool education and achievements.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-04 2023-05-04 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til ХАLQ O’YINLАRINI SPОRT АMАLIYOTIDА QO’LLАSH IMKОNIYATLАRI https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8438 <p>Maqolada xozirgi kunda vatanimizda dolzarb bo’lib turgan etno sportni rivojlantirish masalasi yuzasidan chora-tadbirlar ijrosini ta’minlash maqasadida oliy ta’lim mu’assasalari talabalariga etno sport va&nbsp; milliy xalq o’yinlari&nbsp; elementlarini o’rgatishni amalga oshirish uchun yanada samarali bo’lgan oliy ta’lim mu’assasalari talabalariga etno sport va&nbsp; milliy xalq o’yinlari turlarini o’rgatish metodikasi xaqida so’z yuritilgan. Talabalarga milliy xalq o’yinlarini o’rgatishda nimalarga &nbsp;ko’proq e’tibor berish va mashg’ulotlarni tashkil etish bo’yicha maslahat va ko’rsatmalar berib o’tilgan.</p> Himmat Eshbayev Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-25 2023-05-25 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til THE KEY TО METHОDОLОGIES FОR TEАСHING FОREIGN LАNGUАGES. https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8603 <p>Lаnguаge is thаt the vehiсle needed fоr effeсtive humаn-tо-humаn interасtiоns аnd yields а mоre rоbust understаnding оf оne’s оwn lаnguаge аnd сulture. Fоreign pedаgоgy refers tо the teасhing оf а nоnnаtive lаnguаge оutside оf the аtmоsphere wherever it's usuаlly spоken. А distinсtiоn is usuаlly сreаted between ‘fоreign’ аnd ‘seсоnd’ lаnguаge teасhing. А seсоnd lаnguаge implies thаt the leаrner resides in аn envirоnment where the nоninheritаble lаnguаge is spоken. within the spасe оf reseаrсh, the term seсоnd lаnguаge асquisitiоn mаy be а generаl term thаt embrасes fоreign асquisitiоn аnd investigаtes the humаn саpаbility tо be tоld lаnguаges then аgаin, the primаry lаnguаge оnсe it's been асquired.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-03 2023-05-03 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til WHY ENGLISH? THE CULTURAL LEGACY POPULAR MUSIC INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL INTERNATIONAL SAFETY https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8722 <p>"In the era of globalization, English&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; proficiency is becoming increasingly important, not only from an economic perspective but also from a cultural one. It allows people to better understand and appreciate the nuances of different cultures, build stronger relationships with people from diverse backgrounds, and promote greater empathy and understanding across borders." &nbsp;Dr. Shinya Yamanaka, Stem Cell Researcher and Nobel Laureate.</p> Navro'zbek Ochilov Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-12 2023-05-12 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til XORIJIY TILNI OʻQITISHDA MASOFAVIY TA’LIMDAN FOYDALANISHNING AHAMIYATI. https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8524 <p><span class="fontstyle0">Bugungi kunda chet tilini o’rganish, axbrot texnologiyalardan<br>foydalanishga bo’lgan extiyoj tobora ortib bormoqda. Ushbu maqolada xorijiy tilni<br>oʻqitishda masofadan ta’limdan foydalanishning axamiyati haqida so’z borgan.</span> </p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-29 2023-04-29 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til THE IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGE (ENGLISH LANGUAGE) TO CHILDREN IN SECONDARY SCHOOL. https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8627 <p>This article discusses the benefits of teaching English as a foreign language to children at school age in today's globalized world. It highlights how learning English at a young age enhances cognitive development, promotes social and cultural awareness, provides long-term career advantages, and boosts self-confidence. The article emphasizes the importance of incorporating English language education into the curriculum of children to prepare them for the demands of a globalized world.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-04 2023-05-04 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til THE TEACHING OF VOCABULARY https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8551 <p>The learning of vocabulary is an important part in foreign language learning. The meanings of new words are very fre­quently emphasized, whether in books or in verbal communication. Vocabulary is a basic of one learns a foreign language. Through this article, the writer summarizes the related research that focus on the importance of vocabulary and explains many techniques used by some English teachers and lecturers when teaching Eng­lish, as well as writer’s personal view of the issues.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-30 2023-04-30 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til ASSIGNMENTS FOR TEACHINGINTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8673 <p>The article discusses the indicative tasks for the formation of socio-cultural competence in the process of teaching students of language specialties to intercultural communication. The tasks are aimed at mastering students' knowledge of the ethnopsychological peculiarities of the native speaker of the studied language and the ability to use this knowledge in the process of interaction. The complex is based on methodological principles of interrelated communicative and socio-cultural development of the student's personality, the gradual formation of socio-cultural competence and the comparison of native and foreign cultures. Examples of socio-cultural tasks based on the material of the English language are given.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-06 2023-05-06 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til EXPERIENCE OF FOREIGN PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATION OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8518 <p>In this article, on the basis of a comparative analysis, the best practices of preschool education and upbringing in foreign countries are studied. Information is presented on the forms and conditions of preschool education in the main developed Western countries. Opinions on the content of ongoing reforms and their effectiveness are emphasized.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-28 2023-04-28 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til RUSSIAN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM. https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8619 <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The article discusses about the Russian preschool education system, teaching skills, characteristics, quality of the educational process, opportunities and principles of the educational process in preschool educational institutions.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-03 2023-05-03 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til USE OF STYLISTIC STYLES IN ARTISTIC TEXT https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8545 <p>linguistic features of the artistic style in this article,<br>phonetic, lexicphraseological, grammatical features and special expression image<br>means, application of words, illuminated by the example of works of art.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-30 2023-04-30 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til TEACHING ENGLISH IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8661 <p>: the article discusses the problem of instructing&nbsp; English to preschool &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;learners. In order to have a conclusion and grant recommendation on the problem, the literature in the sphere have been studied and the results of research have been provided.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-05 2023-05-05 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til BIRLAMCHI VA IKKILAMCHI PREDIKATSIYA TUSHUNCHALARI https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8511 <p>Predikativlik (lot. praedicativus — tasdiqlovchi, qatʼiy) — 1) <br>zamonaviy mantiq fanida — belgilar va predmetlar oʻrtasida obyektiv mavjud <br>boʻlgan aloqalarni aks ettiruvchi asosiy tushunchalardan biri; 2) tilshunoslikda —<br>gapni shakllantiruvchi sintaktik kategoriya boʻlib, gap mazmuniga obyektiv <br>borliqning u yoki bu hodisasi haqida xabar berish xususiyatini baxsh etadi.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-27 2023-04-27 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til SECRETS OF JAPANESE EDUCATION https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8617 <p>The article discusses the Japanese education system, pedagogical skills in schools and preschools, and the achievements of the Japanese education system.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-03 2023-05-03 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til Verb phrase and its grammatical categories https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8540 <p><span class="fontstyle0">This article examiners structural discordances in English and Uzbek<br>by providing specific examples of differences and similarities between the two<br>languages. We will study how to employ grammatical categories of verbs in both<br>languages in this post.</span> </p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-29 2023-04-29 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til Preschool in foreign countries https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8659 <p>Preschool education, also known as early childhood education, is an essential part<br>f a child's development. It is the education that children receive before they start<br>rimary school and typically caters to children aged three to five years old. Preschool<br>ducation varies from country to country, and each country has its unique approach<br>o educating young children.<br><br></p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-05 2023-05-05 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til SHERIY USLUBLARNING O‘ZIGA XOS STILISTIK JIHATLARI https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8505 <p><span class="fontstyle0">Ushbu maqolada badiiy nutq atamasi, uning turli nomlar bilan<br>yuritilishi, tilshunoslik va adabiyotshunoslikning o‘rganish obyekti ekanligi, qaysi<br>yo‘nalish qay jihatdan o‘rganishi xususidagi bahsli fikrlar o‘rtaga tashlangan.<br>She’riy nutning ijodkor ijodi va uslubidagi o‘rniga alohida e’tibor berilgan. She’riy<br>nutqning nasrdan ustun jihatlari ko‘rsatib berishga harakat qilingan.</span> </p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-27 2023-04-27 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til THE FINLAND EDUCATION SYSTEM. https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8615 <p>This article provides information about the structure of the Finland education system, its achievements, as well as the specific characteristics of studying in Finland schools, their types, and the reforms that are being carried out in this system in our country.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-03 2023-05-03 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til Number of categories https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8538 <p><span class="fontstyle0">Understanding of the number of words,type of number<br>categories.About the number word category. </span><span class="fontstyle0">Gender does not find any<br>morphological expression in English. </span><span class="fontstyle2">Lexicalization of the absolute plural<br>form of the noun can be illustrated with the following examples .Different<br>semantic types of the singular and the plural.</span> </p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-29 2023-04-29 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PRESCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE WORLD https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8637 <p>This article provides information on the specific features, goals and objectives of the system of preschool education in foreign countries (for example, the UK and Germany), their types and reforms in this system in our country.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-04 2023-05-04 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til EPITET OKSYUMORON https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8503 <p><span class="fontstyle0">Ayovsiz qoralov, fosh etish kuchiga ega boʻlgan "mazlumkush" epiteti avtorning obʼyektga nis-batan keskin pozitsiyasini juda ravshan<br>ifodalaydi</span> </p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-27 2023-04-27 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til DEVELOPING LANGUAGE SKILLS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE CLASSES IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8612 <p>&nbsp; This article examines the problems of improving the effectiveness of English language classes in secondary schools, paying special attention to the development of each of the language skills, listening comprehension, speaking, reading and writing.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-03 2023-05-03 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til NOUN and noun of category https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8536 <p><span class="fontstyle0">This article deals with the most distinctive features of nouns,<br>all of which have a single general grammatical meaning. Since the noun<br>category has a subject meaning, it indicates the number, quantity of<br>objects, and takes the suffixes of the number category. Nouns, which<br>represent the opposite of singular and plural numbers, try to influence other<br>words in terms of structure, in other words, the verbs and rhymes<br>associated with the nouns are mutually compatible within the number<br>category. Another morphological-structural indicator of nouns is manifested<br>in their association with the article. In the transition of words belonging to<br>another category to the category of nouns, the article becomes the unit that<br>proves that the phenomenon of substantivization.</span> </p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-29 2023-04-29 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til EDUCATION SYSTEM IN UK AND USA https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8635 <p>This article describes in detail the structure and continuity of the American and UK education system, which is considered advanced today, and the stages of education in a sequence. It describes, among other things, the main functions of pre-school education, secondary education and higher education, as well as information and conclusions about the amount of credit hours allocated to classes and the grading system.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-04 2023-05-04 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til PRESCHOOL EDUCATION ABROAD https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8492 <p>Preschool education has an incomparable place in every great country with developed education. Based on the world experience, Uzbekistan also pays great attention to the preschool education system. Preschool education is the basic foundation of general secondary education and higher education. The stronger the foundation, the more beautiful the building will be and will last for many years. In recent years preschool infrastructure and the quality of education in Uzbekistan have been radically reformed and developed. This article describe in detailed the experiences of the preschool education system in the developed countries of America, Britain, and Russia as well as the reforms and innovations in the preschool education system in Asian countries and Uzbekistan.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-26 2023-04-26 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE USA https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8610 <p>This article describes in detail the structure and continuity of the American education system, which is considered advanced today, and the stages of education in a sequence. It describes, among other things, the main functions of pre-school education, secondary education and higher education, as well as information and conclusions about the amount of credit hours allocated to classes and the grading system.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-03 2023-05-03 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til BO`LAJAK BOSHLANG`ICH SINF O`QITUVCHILARINING METODIK KOMPITENTLIGINI SHAKLLANTIRISH PEDAGOGIK MUAMMO SIFATIDA https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/9172 <p>Shunday qilib, ilmiy manbalarni o'rganish va tahlil qilish asosida, quyidagi xulosalarga kelish mumkin:</p> <p>O`qituvchilarning pedagogik faoliyati davomida yuzaga keladigan metodik muammolarni tan olish va hal qilish qobiliyatini ta'minlaydigan metodik kompitensiya, kasbiy kompetensiyaning asosiy tarkibiy qismi.</p> <p>O`qituvchining metodik kompitentligi o`zining tarkibiy qismlariga ega hisoblanadi va ular asosida o`qituvchining butun faoliyati davomida o`zidagi mavjud bo`lgan metodik kompitentligini rivojlantirishiga asos bo`lib xizmat qiladi.</p> <p>Bo`lajak boshlang`ich sinf o`qituvchilari o`zidagi uslubiy bilimlarni rivojlantirishi uchun metodik kompitentsiyaning keltirib o`tilgan vazifalarini o`rganishi hamda ularni amaliy tajribada qo`llanishi orqali erishadi.</p> Navro'zbek Ochilov Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-06-16 2023-06-16 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til MORPHEME AND METONYMY https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8534 <p>This article discusses the types of of transfer of&nbsp; meaning that is, metomymy metaphor . how to distinguish between them and a guide&nbsp; to some excerses for a broader understading of this topic</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-29 2023-04-29 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til THE IMPORTANCE OF USING MODERN PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8633 <p>This article aims&nbsp;to highlight the role of using modern technology in teaching English as a second language.&nbsp;It discusses different approaches and techniques which can assist English language students to improve their learning skills by using technology. Among these techniques are online English language learning web sites, computer assisted language learning programs, presentation software, electronic dictionaries, chatting and email messaging programs, listening CD-players, and learning video-clips.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-04 2023-05-04 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til THE GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES OF VERBS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK IN GENERAL https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8487 <p>This article explores the structural inconsistencies in English and Uzbek, providing specific examples of differences and similarities between the two languages. In this post, we will learn how to use the Grammar Verb Categories in both languages [1]. Key words: English, Uzbek, verb, suffixes, order, numerals, nouns, grammatical transformations, syntactic constructions, pronouns, articles, gender, tenses and other grammatical categories.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-26 2023-04-26 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til PRESCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM IN JAPANESE EDUCATION SYSTEM https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8607 <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;In this article, the best practices of preschool education and upbringing in foreign countries are studied on the basis of comparative analysis. Mainly information is provided about the forms of preschool education in developed Western and Eastern countries and the Japanese preschool education system. Also, special attention is paid to the researches conducted in connection with the study of foreign experiences related to preschool education and upbringing. Clear ideas about its methodological basis are stated. The role and importance of the best practices in the education system in ensuring the development of the states is revealed.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-03 2023-05-03 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til BO`LAJAK BOSHLANG`ICH SINF O`QITUVCHILARINING METODIK KOMPITENTLIGINI SHAKLLANTIRISH PEDAGOGIK MUAMMO SIFATIDA https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/9170 <p><strong>Annotatsiya: </strong>metodik kompitentlik tushunchasi fan nuqtai nazaridan dolzarb muammo hisoblanadi. Ushbu maqolada metodik kompitentlik, uning tarkibiy qismlari, metodik kompitentsiyaning vazifalari va boshlang`ich sinf o`qituvchilarida ushbu kompitentsiyani qanday shakllantirish mumkinlig haqida so`z yuritilgan.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали https://presedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/index 2023-06-16 2023-06-16 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til 17 18 OT SO‘Z TURKUMI VA UNING GRAMMATIK KATEGORIYALARi https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8531 <p>Narsa-buyum, shaxslarning nomi, atamasi bo‘lgan so‘zlar <br>turkumi ot deyiladi. Otlar kim? nima? qayer? so‘roqlaridan biriga javob bo‘ladi. <br>Otlar egalik, kelishik kabi so‘z o‘zgartirish, turli ma’no va vazifa uchun <br>qo‘llanuvchi vazifadosh shakllarga hamda o‘ziga xos so‘z yasalish tizimiga egaligi <br>bilan ajralib turadi.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-29 2023-04-29 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til TECHNOLOGY IN THE CLASSROOM. https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8630 <p>Technology is becoming an indispensable part of our life and our education system as well. Teachers and students can benefit from technology.This article aims to discover the benefits technology can bring to the classroom, and some of the useful and effective&nbsp; methods that teachers can use in the lessons in order to enhance student motivation and student's engagement in class.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-04 2023-05-04 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til MORFEMANING TURLARI https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8461 <p><span class="fontstyle0">Bu maqolada tilshunoslik bo’limlaridan biri Morfemika hamda uning turlari<br>morfemalar,affiksal morfemalar,ularning ma’nolari haqida qisqacha malumot<br>beramiz <br></span></p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-20 2023-04-20 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til ACTIVITY OF THE TEACHER BASED ON EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES. https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8605 <p>In this article, the teacher makes the lesson interesting and enjoyable based on&nbsp;&nbsp; various technologies. And to increase students' interest in science during the lesson.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-03 2023-05-03 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til INSON VA HAYVON O'RTASIDAGI TAFOVUT https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8735 <p>Odamlarni boshqa hayvonlardan nima ajratib turadi? Bu savol uzoq vaqtdan beri olimlarni, faylasuflarni va keng aholini hayratda qoldirgan. Hayvonlar fiziologiya va xulq-atvor jihatidan biz bilan ko'p o'xshashliklarga ega bo'lsa-da, inson va hayvon psixikasi o'rtasida sezilarli farqlar mavjud.</p> Navro'zbek Ochilov Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-12 2023-05-12 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til ANTONOMAZIYA O‘XSHATISH VA UNING O‘RGANILAYOTGAN TILDAGI TURLARI. https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8529 <p>: Maqolada antonomaziya hodisasining til va nutqda voqelanishi <br>ochib berilgan¸ uning mohiyati va leksik-semantik xususiyatlari aniqlangan¸ inson <br>lisoniy faoliyatida hamda badiiy matnni shakllantirishdagi oʼrni va vazifalari <br>belgilangan, nominativ vazifasidan tashqari ramziy maʼnolarni anglatishi, badiiy <br>sanʼatni voqelantirishdagi roli, ayrim lingvopoetik xususiyatlari hamda oʼzbek <br>lingvomadaniyatida tutgan oʼrni kabi masalalar oʼrganilgan. Аntonomaziyalarni <br>semantik xususiyatlariga koʼra uch guruh, yaʼni a) mashhur tarixiy voqealar <br>asosida shakllangan antonomaziyalar; b) afsonalar asosida yuzaga kelgan <br>antonomaziyalar; v) adabiy asarlar¸ ulardagi obrazlar asosida shakllangan <br>antonomaziyalar boʼyicha o‘rganish maqsadga muvofiqligi boʼyicha tavsiya <br>berilgan. O‘zbek adabiyotidagi antonomaziyalarning ayrim uslubiy va lingvopoetik <br>xususiyatlariga Аlisher Navoiy asarlari misolida aniqlik kiritilgan.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-29 2023-04-29 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til ZAMONAVIY TA’LIM TUSHUNCHALARI. https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8628 <p><em>maqolada ta’lim samaradorligini oshirish maqsadida o‘quv jarayonida zamonaviy interfaol metodlardan foydalanishning ahamiyati, o’quvchilarning mustaqil, erkin va tanqidiy fikrlashiga oid keng qamrovli taklif va tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan</em>.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-04 2023-05-04 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til EDUCATION SYSTEM OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8555 <p>In this article, the American education system, which is considered advanced today coherence and continuity, educational stages are described in detail in sequence. It includes the main functions of pre-school education, secondary education and higher education revealed, in addition, about the volume and quality of hours allocated for classes data and conclusions are presented.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-01 2023-05-01 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til VOLEYBOL O'QITUVCHISINING KO'NIKMALARI VA USLUBI https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8720 <p><em>Hozirgi paytda murabbiy shaxsiga birlamchi e'tibor qaratilishi lozim, chunki murabbiy sportchini tayyorlashda asosiy shaxsdir. Biz ushbu maqolada murabbiy - o'qituvchi tomonidan professional majburiyatlarini bajarishi haqida ma'lumot berib o'tamiz. Bundan tashqari, ushbu maqolada murabbiy yetarli tajriba va bilimga ega bo'lishining tamoyillarini izohlashga ham e'tibor qaratilgan.</em></p> Navro'zbek Ochilov Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-12 2023-05-12 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til EXPERIENCE OF FOREIGN PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATION OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8523 <p>&nbsp;In this article, on the basis of a comparative analysis, the best practices of preschool education and upbringing in foreign countries are studied. Information is presented on the forms and conditions of preschool education in the main developed Western countries. Opinions on the content of ongoing reforms and their effectiveness are emphasized.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-28 2023-04-28 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til PRESCHOOL SYSTEM ABROAD: A COMPREHENSIVE OVERVIEW https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8626 <p>This article highlights the cornerstone for a child's future intellectual and social success is the preschool years. Although preschool education is available in many nations, there are significant differences in early childhood education's quality and methodology. With links to various nations, we give a thorough overview of the preschool education system overseas in this page.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-04 2023-05-04 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til Word stress and meaning stress in the studied language. https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8548 <p>Pronunciation of one of the syllables or parts of the sentence with a <br>longer (stronger) sound or tone than others is called accent. A stressed sylla ble is a <br>stressed syllable, and the stress usually falls on a vowel. For example: the trees <br>began to sprout.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-30 2023-04-30 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til The Life Of Preschool Education Yesterday, Today And Tomorrow https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8663 <p>: This article describes the current state and shortcomings of preschool education, the ongoing reforms on this issue and the focus on preschool children, the reorganization of the preschool education system, more will be devoted to the work to be done in the coming years.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-05 2023-05-05 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til FONETIK STILISTIK USLUBLAR https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8512 <p>Stilistika bu (yun. stylos — yozuv, xat tayoqchasi) degam <br>ma'noni bildiradi, uslubshunoslik uslubiyat — tilshunoslikning til uslublarini <br>tadqiq etuvchi, tilning leksik-frazeologik, fonetik, morfologik, soʻz yasalishi va <br>sintaktik sathlarda sinxroniya va diaxroniya nuqtai nazaridan funksional <br>katlamlanishining mohiyati va oʻziga xosliklarini oʻrganuvchi, adabiy tilni turli <br>lisoniy vaziyatlarda, yozma adabiyotning xilma-xil tur va janrlarida, ijtimoiy <br>hayotning turli sohalarida qoʻllash meʼyorlari va usullarini tavsiflovchi tarmogʻi.</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-04-27 2023-04-27 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til EDUCATION REFORM IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN: MODERN SCHOOLS AND MODERN EDUCATION. https://pshedu.jdpu.uz/index.php/presedu/article/view/8618 <p>This article describes the legal framework for reforms in the education system of the republic. &nbsp;The significance and goals of the reforms in the field of education implemented in the years of independence of Uzbekistan</p> Hayriniso G'aniyeva Copyright (c) 2023 Мактабгача таълим журнали 2023-05-03 2023-05-03 7 Maktabgacha ta'limda xorijiy til